不同分散剂对纳米SiO_2水中分散的影响

选取六偏磷酸钠(SHMP)、十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)及KCl作分散剂,并采用超声分散方法,制备纳米SiO2悬浮液,对纳米SiO2的水中分散性能进行研究。测试分散体系中纳米SiO2粒子的粒径及分布、Zeta电位及透光率,探讨了不同分散剂对纳米SiO2分散性能的影响。结果表明:不同分散剂对纳米SiO2的粒径都有明显影响,但粒径分布宽度差别较大;同在分散粒径较小的条件下,分别添加3种分散剂的悬浮液体系具有不同的稳定性,其中含SDBS的分散体系因静电和空间位阻的作用而表现出良好的分散稳定性。     

Investigation on the spatial distribution characteristics of behind-armor debris formed by the perforation of EFP through steel target

The behind-armor debris (BAD) formed by the perforation of an EFP is the main damage factor for the secondary destruction to the behind-armor components. Aiming at investigating the BAD caused by EFP, flash X-ray radiography combined with an experimental witness plate test method was used, and the FEM-SPH adaptive conversion algorithm in LS-DYNA software was employed to model the perforation process. The simulation results of the debris cloud shape and number of debris were in good agreement with the flash X-ray radiographs and perforated holes on the witness plate, respectively. Three-dimensional numerical simulations of EFP's penetration under various impact conditions were conducted. The results show that, an ellipsoidal debris cloud, with the major-to-minor axis radio (a/b) smaller than that caused by shaped charge jets, was formed behind the target. With the increase of target thickness (h) and decrease of impact velocity (v₀) and obliquity (θ), the value of a/b decreases. The number of debris ejected from target is significantly higher than that from EFP. Based on the statistical analysis of the spatial distribution of the BAD, An engineering calculation model was established considering the influence of h, v₀ and θ. The model can with reasonable accuracy predict the quantity and velocity distribution characteristics of BAD formed by EFP.     

Fragment spatial distribution of prismatic casing under internal explosive loading

Non-cylindrical casings filled with explosives have undergone rapid development in warhead design and explosion control. The fragment spatial distribution of prismatic casings is more complex than that of traditional cylindrical casings. In this study, numerical and experimental investigations into the fragment spatial distribution of a prismatic casing were conducted. A new numerical method, which adds the Lagrangian marker points to the Eulerian grid, was proposed to track the multi-material interfaces and material dynamic fractures. Physical quantity mappings between the Lagrangian marker points and Eulerian grid were achieved by their topological relationship. Thereafter, the fragment spatial distributions of the prismatic casing with different fragment sizes, fragment shapes, and casing geometries were obtained using the numerical method. Moreover, fragment spatial distribution experiments were conducted on the prismatic casing with different fragment sizes and shapes, and the experimental data were compared with the numerical results. The effects of the fragment and casing geometry on the fragment spatial distributions were determined by analyzing the numerical results and experimental data. Finally, a formula including the casing geometry parameters was fitted to predict the fragment spatial distribution of the prismatic casing under internal explosive loading.     

火炮射击中的弹道气象参数辨识

弹道气象误差是影响火炮精度的重要因素。通过对弹道气象参数的可辨识性分析 ,建立了火炮外弹道气象参数滤波—辨识递推算法 ,仿真验证表明 ,该法能得到满意的辨识精度 ,可较大幅度地降低射击误差。